Water Treatment and Sewage in Healthcare Facilities: Special Requirements and Design

Designing water supply and sewage (WSS) systems in medical facilities differs significantly from civil construction. Here, water is not just a resource but a technological component that must meet stringent purity standards.

Specialized Water Treatment

Standard filtration is insufficient for many departments. The design must incorporate specific treatment systems:

1. For CSSD and Laboratories: Installation of reverse osmosis and demineralization systems. Autoclaves require water with minimal conductivity to prevent corrosion of expensive instruments.

2. For Hemodialysis: The highest level of purification, where water must meet pharmacopoeial standards.

3. Hot Water Supply: Designing systems with constant circulation and temperatures no lower than 60°C to prevent the growth of Legionella bacteria.

Medical Sewage and Safety

Waste-water disposal from hospitals is a matter of environmental safety. A WSS project includes:

• Effluent Neutralization: Installing specialized equalization tanks or disinfection systems for waste-water from infectious disease units and laboratories.

• Noise Reduction: Utilizing sound-absorbing materials to ensure patient peace in inpatient wards.

• Operating Room Drains: Installing specialized airtight floor drains resistant to aggressive disinfecting solutions.